Pacific Herring, which occurs in waters off California, Oregon, and Washington, is currently classified as an “ecosystem component species” in the Pacific Fishery Management Council’s Coastal Pelagic Species (CPS) Fishery Management Plan. The few declining stocks represent a small proportion of the more than 40 stocks and assessment areas that comprise the Georgia Basin DPS. In 2008, we found that listing Lynn Canal Pacific Herring population as threatened or endangered under the ESA was not warranted because the population did not constitute a species, subspecies, or DPS under the ESA. Based on information contained in the status review report produced by the BRT, we published a finding (73 FR 19824; April 11, 2008) that listing the Lynn Canal Pacific herring as threatened or endangered under the ESA was not warranted because the population does not constitute a listable entity (species, subspecies, or DPS) under the ESA. In 2005, we concluded that the Cherry Point stock is “discrete” under the DPS policy, but that it does not satisfy the applicable DPS criteria for “significance.” Cherry Point Pacific Herring are not “significant,” and so do not qualify as a DPS for ESA listing because: In 2006, we concluded that the Georgia Basin DPS of Pacific Herring is not threatened or endangered, and does not warrant ESA listing. This population is called Cherry Point herring because of its location in Puget Sound, Washington. Pacific Herring in southern locations (e.g., California) exhibit small size, mature earlier, and die younger. The prevalence and composition of this algal mat could result in degradation of spawning habitat to a degree that ultimately reduces incubation success. Pacific Herring spawn along shorelines in intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. In February of 1999, we received a petition to designate Pacific Herring from Puget Sound, Washington, as a threatened or endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In the eastern North Pacific Ocean, Pacific Herring range from Beaufort Sea, Alaska, south to Baja California, Mexico. Primary and secondary productivity are strongly linked to juvenile abundance, as juveniles tend to prey on zooplankton (e.g., copepods). In 2008, NOAA Fisheries found that listing Lynn Canal Pacific herring as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act was not warranted because the population did not constitute a species, subspecies, or distinct population segment under the Endangered … In Puget Sound, adult spawners range from 2-15 years in age; however, most are between ages 3 and 7. Under the ESA, a listing determination may address a species, subspecies, or a distinct population segment of any vertebrate species that interbreeds when mature (section 3(16)). Although some mixing occurs, tagging studies show that Pacific Herring stick together, remaining in the same school for years. In 2007, we received a petition to designate the Lynn Canal population of Pacific Herring as a threatened or endangered DPS under the ESA (PDF, 88 pages). Herring will also be sensitive to potential changes in nearshore and estuarine spawning habitat, such as increased salinity due to sea level rise and saltwater intrusion in estuaries, which could create suboptimal conditions for spawning and larval growth. Additionally, the suite of vegetative species used by herring as spawning substrate could change with long-term variation in water temperature and acidity. In 2001, we found that listing Puget Sound Herring as threatened or endangered was not warranted because the population did not constitute a species, subspecies, or distinct population segment (DPS) under the ESA. Fish and Wildlife Service and NOAA Fisheries adopted a policy to clarify the agencies’ interpretation of the DPS provision for the purposes of listing, delisting, and reclassifying a species under the ESA. We determined that these Puget Sound Pacific Herring stocks, including Cherry Point, belonged to a larger group of Pacific Herring. They do not feed from the start of this migration through spawning, a period of up to two weeks. Maximum length is 10 inches (26 cm) in Puget Sound, British Columbia, and the Beaufort Sea; 13 inches (34 cm) in the Bering Sea; and 9.5 inches (24 cm) in the Gulf of Alaska. In May 2004, a group of environmental organizations petitioned NOAA Fisheries to list the Cherry Point Pacific Herring population under the ESA. The agency monitors and manages several spawning aggregations within Southeast Alaska, including: NOAA Fisheries conducted a status review of the Southeast Alaska distinct population segment of Pacific herring under the Endangered Species Act in 2014 and found that the species did not warrant listing. The discreteness of the population segment in relation to the remainder of the species (or subspecies) to which it belongs. They ranged from the previously identified Georgia Basin DPS to a DPS encompassing Pacific Herring from San Diego to Sitka, Alaska. However, we found that the petition received on May 14 did meet those criteria. Herring prohibited species catch (PSC) in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (BSAI…, Status reviews of non-marine mammals considered for Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing as…, Analysis of halibut and crab bycatch management measures, and the implementation of herring bycatch…, Alaska, In 2004, we received two petitions, one in January and a supplemental petition in May, from the Northwest Ecosystem Alliance and six co-petitioners to find that the Cherry Point Herring population qualifies as a species under the ESA and warrants listing as a threatened or endangered species. Internet Explorer lacks support for the features of this website. This larger group, called Georgia Basin Pacific Herring DPS, consists of more than 40 inshore stocks from Puget Sound and the Strait of Georgia in the U.S. and Canada. Juvenile Pacific Herring at Osaka Aquarium - Kaiyukan, Japan. In addition to schooling, they use countershading for protection from predators. In February of 1999, we received a petition to designate Pacific Herring from Puget Sound, Washington, as a threatened or endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The Southeast Alaska Herring Management Plan for other spawning aggregates in Southeast Alaska requires that forecasted biomass estimates meet a designated minimum threshold, preset for each of the stocks, before commercial fishing is allowed. Evidence of significant migration among stocks, high levels of gene flow, and disappearance and subsequent recolonization events for Georgia Basin Pacific Herring suggest that local extirpations or stock declines provide little risk to the overall DPS.
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