This disease causes needles on Colorado Blue Spruce to turn a purplish brown color before dropping from the branches prematurely. Increased air circulation is important to reducing disease incidence in future years. diseases of Colorado blue spruce. piceae), is the most prevalent and destructive fungal disease of Norway and Colorado blue spruce. In addition, minimize any stress to your trees. Cytospora canker is one of the most common fungal diseases of Colorado blue spruce. Where does Cytospora canker come from? This will prevent movement of the fungus from branch to branch, or from tree to tree during pruning. Needle cast diseases cause older needles to turn brown and fall off prematurely, making the tree look ratty and sparse. Needles on infected branches turn purple, then brown and die. Since it takes about a year for the needles to show symptoms, heavy and widespread needle diseases are expected to be seen on spruce trees in 2020. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Current-year needles do not show symptoms but may become infected. Some Colorado blue spruce cultivars, like ‘Hoopsii,’ and ‘Fat Albert’ are reportedly more resistant to the disease. It is also known as the “Colorado Spruce.” Unfortunately, this tree is susceptible to different diseases that affect the bark, needles, and surrounding trees. Wet weather in 2019 created ideal conditions for, Rhizosphaera needle cast is the best-known of these diseases, but another fungal disease known as Stigmina needle cast, caused by, If timed properly, preventative fungicide applications this spring can protect newly-emerging needles from showing disease symptoms in 2021. The Blue Spruce is a coniferous tree in the pine family. Lower branches and the interior of the tree are most affected by needle cast diseases. They are being impacted by a fungal disease which goes by the name of Rhizosphaera needle cast. Prune only in dry weather. To properly care for your Blue Spruce, make efforts to prevent disease (or treat it before it can spread and cause more harm). What is Cytospora canker? Rhizosphaera needle cast is the best-known of these diseases, but another fungal disease known as Stigmina needle cast, caused by Stigmina lautii, has also been common and causes the same type of symptoms. Prune infected branches. How do I avoid problems with Cytospora canker in the future? DO NOT attempt to use fungicide treatments to control this disease. By Bill McNee, DNR forest health specialist, Oshkosh, [email protected], 920-360-0942. This spring and summer, we have found that spruce trees, which include blue, white and Norway species, are under attack. How do I save a tree or shrub with Cytospora canker? The blue spruce, green spruce, white spruce, Colorado spruce, or Colorado blue spruce, with the Latin (scientific) name Picea pungens, is a species of spruce tree. If timed properly, preventative fungicide applications this spring can protect newly-emerging needles from showing disease symptoms in 2021. Cytospora canker, caused by the fungus Cytospora kunzei (also known as Valsa kunzei var. Connect with your County Extension Office », Find an Extension employee in our staff directory », Get the latest news and updates on Extension's work around the state, Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: [email protected] | © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Policy | Discrimination and Harassment Complaints | Disability Accommodation Requests | Civil Rights. can make Colorado blue spruce It unsightly and unusable in many landscape settings. Blue, white, red, black, Engelmann, and Norway spruces are all susceptible to this disease. Southeastern Wisconsin has a significant “population” of Blue Spruce. For rhizosphaera needle cast disease to … During dry periods, water your trees adequately (approximately one inch of water per week) using a soaker or drip hose. This disease can also affect other spruce species and conifers. The most common question asked when I am doing a walk through with a client is what is wrong with my Blue Spruce? Wet weather in 2019 created ideal conditions for Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii and other needle cast fungi to infect spruce needles. Disease: Cytospora is a canker disease that starts in lower branches and spreads upwards. The University of Wisconsin Soil Testing Laboratories (http://uwlab.soils.wisc.edu/) can assist with soil and plant tissue fertility testing. This greatly reduces … A common fungal disease, Cytospora canker generally affects older blue spruce trees but may also infect Norway spruce. Dry needles are less likely to be infected. Cytospora canker is caused by the fungus Leucocytospora kunzei (also referred to as Leucostoma kunzei), which survives in infected branches. How to Care for a Diseased Blue Spruce Tree. The key symptom of spruce decline is branch dieback, which progresses over two to four years and renders the plant’s appearance unacceptable for most homeowners (Photo 2). It is native to North America, and is found in growing zones 1 through 7. This disease can also affect Norway spruce (and less frequently other spruces) as well as Douglas-fir and balsam fir. Since it takes about a year for the needles to show symptoms, heavy and widespread needle diseases are expected to be seen on spruce trees in 2020. More information about Rhizosphaera needle cast disease can be found in, Protect oak trees by pruning after July, not before. Pruning lower branches (best done between October and March), mowing grass under the tree, and thinning overcrowded trees will all help reduce disease issues. However, these treatments will not protect already-infected needles. This disease causes needles on Colorado Blue Spruce to turn a purplish brown color before dropping from the branches prematurely. By: Al Koeppel, Kretz Lumber Company, with insight from Linda Williams, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The appearance of small black spots, premature needle loss and a thinning canopy can be signs of Rhizosphaera needle cast. By Bill McNee, DNR forest health specialist, Oshkosh, [email protected], 920-360-0942. Dwarf varieties and properly spaced larger spruce varieties will have better air penetration and needles will dry more quickly. A, It may be worthwhile to replace or remove chronically-affected trees, since they will probably have these problems for much of their remaining life. However, these treatments will not protect already-infected needles. Infected branches often produce a bluish-white sap that oozes somewhere along their length. It may be worthwhile to replace or remove chronically-affected trees, since they will probably have these problems for much of their remaining life. Brian Hudelson, UW-Madison Plant Pathology, UW-Extension Revised: 3/11/2012 Item number: XHT1003. This disease can also affect Norway spruce (and less frequently other spruces) as well as Douglas-fir and balsam fir. Norway spruce (P. abies) is highly resistant to this disease. A certified arborist may be able to provide assistance. Chrysomyxa weirii: Destroy heavily infected trees. Proper mulching (one to two inches on a heavier, clay soil; three to four inches on a lighter, sandy soil) can help moderate your trees’ moisture levels. Microscopic examination of infected needles is required to distinguish the two from one another. If you do plant blue spruce, allow adequate spacing between trees in new plantings. An EEO/AA employer, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act requirements. Save For Later Videos Length: 00:07:09 What does Cytospora canker look like? Learn how to identify types of spruce trees, symptoms of two common fungal diseases, and what if any treatments are available. We teach, learn, lead and serve, connecting people with the University of Wisconsin, and engaging with them in transforming lives and communities. For established trees, judiciously prune branches to open the trees’ canopies. Trees that are 15 years old or older and are at least 20 feet high most typically show symptoms of this disease.
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