Daconil Weatherstik is not labeled for blue spruce in the landscape but is still available for use in the nursery and for other landscape diseases. Forest Trees of WisconsinWisconsin Native Plants Native Plants of Wisconsin Book, Tagged: Colorado Blue Spruce, Norway Spruce, cast, needles, losing needles, tree dying. Colorado Blue spruce is a commonly planted specimen tree. Evergreens can add character to your yard, offer year-round foliage, and will enhance your landscape for years to come. Growth of the fungal pathogen from the spots on the needle will cause the death of the entire needle. Of all the foliar diseases affecting woody landscape plants and shrubs, needle casts are the most serious for the simple reason that coniferous plants do not have the ability to refoliate, or produce a second flush of needles from defoliated stems. All rights reserved. Resources for landscapes and gardens in the Midwest. Further Reading. Since needle cast diseases are caused by various fungi, there may be slight variations in symptoms. We have noticed these trees do better on hills or exposed areas, including areas that experience regular breeze/wind. The Rhizosphaera fungus, which thrives in the wet conditions, leads to the needle loss as it takes hold of the spruce. © 2020 Heartwood Tree Company. Its structural, columnar form is commonly used to build windbreaks or privacy screens in backyards throughout the United States. 1. Colorado blue spruce is not native to Indiana (no spruce is! Options include Norway spruce or Black Hills spruce. Article originally published by the Indian Nursery & Landscape Association Magazine, March/April 2018. www.inla1.org. In the urban setting, needle casts are more of an endemic, as most conifers are ill-suited to the Midwest urban environment. The Colorado Blue Spruce often loses its rigid needles after wet seasons. Other evergreen options include concolor (white) fir, Easter red cedars or other junipers, and yew. If you have multiple spruces, it may be wise to remove an infected tree, so the Rhizosphaera fungus does not spread to the others. Other evergreen options include concolor (white) fir, Easter red cedars or other junipers, and yew. Colorado Blue Spruces are very susceptible to Rhizosphaera needle cast, but other types of spruce are more resistant. It is important to protect new growth as it emerges no matter which fungicide you apply; fungicides should be applied when the new needles are half elongated (late April or early May) and again three to four weeks later, possibly with a third application if wet weather or growth persists. Properly spacing spruce trees will help reduce disease incidence. Needle cast diseases are tricky to diagnose and treat because the symptoms only become apparent 12 to 18 months after becoming infected. And there are many different types of evergreens, from tiny dwarf shrubs to massive trees. We have much to learn about when these fungi attack a tree, how long the fungus must be in the tree before needles are shed, when is the best time to apply a fungicide, and which chemicals provide the best protection. Spruce trees grow best in moderately moist, well-drained soils but can be planted in other soils if adequate moisture is available. Wisconsin is a state with a wealth of native evergreen trees. The Rhizosphaera pathogen sporulates in the spring (Fig. Read fungicide labels carefully and apply only as directed. Fig. There are conifers that are more resistant to Rhizosphaera, and include white spruce (P. glauca) and its variant Black Hills spruce, both of which are intermediate in resistance. Other spruce, like Serbian, simply haven’t had widespread evaluation in the Midwest, so buyer beware! Needle loss tends to progress from the bottom of the tree, upwards. Properly prune dead or severely infected branches during dry weather. Colorado Blue Spruces are very susceptible to Rhizosphaera needle cast, but other types of spruce are more resistant. If you have seen trees affected by needle cast disease in the area, avoid planting this highly susceptible tree. It’s always unfortunate losing a beloved tree, which is why we’ve included some additional sources to help you select the right tree for your site. In severe infections, trees may only have the current year’s needles remaining rather than the 5- to 7-year complement of needles a healthy spruce maintains. White pines have fewer disease problems than Austrian or Scots pines. However, infected needles often don’t show symptoms right away, and may take one to three years to develop.
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