In moral philosophy, consequentialism is the view that the rightness of an action is based solely on its consequences. not concerned with consequences/certainly not with people other than those immediately involved in particular situations. Deontology comes from the Greek word for “duty.” Thus, deontological ethics maintains that actions are not justified by their consequences. It does not deny that consequences can be a factor in determining the rightness of an act. Conflicting Moral Duties . The school’s members defended specific versions of consequentialism and deontology. A common criticism of deontological moral systems is that they provide no clear way to resolve conflicts between moral duties. Monistic Deontology—An action is morally right if it agrees with a single deontological principle which guides all other subsidiary principles. This chapter first discusses Sidgwick’s and Moore’s combination of act- and indirect consequentialism, where the latter says we should mostly abandon act-consequentialist reasoning in everyday life and follow those simpler rules whose adoption will have the best consequences. Rule nonconsequentialists. there are or can be rules that are the only basis for morality and that consequences do not matter. Consequentialism point of view must consider all sides ‘good’ giving more happiness (utilitarianism) where for example not kill person who threatens your family in your home but also care about family that is safe. The moderate deontology Ross’s concept allows avoids many of Sidgwick’s objections. Divine Command Theory. It does insist that even when the consequences of two acts or act-types are the same, one might be wrong and the other right. Consequentialism says that right or wrong depend on the consequences of an act, and that the more good consequences are produced, the better the act. 1. Because deontological theories are best understood in contrast to consequentialist ones, a brief look at consequentialism and a survey of the problems with it that motivate its deontological opponents, provides a helpful prelude to taking up deontological theories themselves. Rather, factors other than good outcomes determine the “rightness” of actions. Choice which of moral philosophy will be using deontology or consequentialism is choosing argument whether consequence or the action is important (A. Reiman, 2009). Non-consequentialism, therefore, is the view that the rightness of an action is not based solely on its consequences. of deontology and his defence of consequentialism fail, largely for the same reason: that he did not clearly grasp the concept W. D. Ross later introduced of a prima facie duty or duty other things equal. Deontology’s Foil: Consequentialism.
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