The decision was made by Pope Benedict XIII and communicated, almost unofficially, to the Melkites in the synod held on April 25, 1730. Korintherbrief, Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum 21 (2017), 304-360, Konrad F. Zawadzki, "Keiner soll die Lektüre der Schrift durcheinanderbringen!" He is also known for his expulsion of Novatians and Jews from Alexandria and for inflaming tensions that led to the murder of the Hellenistic philosopher Hypatia by a Christian mob. St Cyril of Antioch Profile. Life. Constantine Zaim was born about 1655 in Aleppo. A monk named Ammonius threw a stone hitting Orestes in the head. Nitrian monks came from the desert and instigated a riot against Orestes among the population of Alexandria. Cyril tried to oblige the pious Christian emperor Theodosius II (AD 408-450) to himself by dedicating his Paschal table to him. Korintherbrief. The prefect had Ammonius tortured to death, whereupon the Patriarch honored him as a martyr. This date is used by the Western Rite Orthodox Church. Feast Day is celebrated on October 2. [9] The prior year, Theophilus had been summoned by the emperor to Constantinople to apologize before a synod, over which Chrysostom would preside, on account of several charges which were brought against him by certain Egyptian monks. Several Christians thought that Hypatia's influence had caused Orestes to reject all conciliatory offerings by Cyril. The Catholic Church did not commemorate Saint Cyril in the Tridentine Calendar: it added his feast only in 1882, assigning to it the date of 9 February. He was enthroned when the city was at the height of its influence and power within the Roman Empire. In response to Cyril's threat, the Jews of Alexandria grew even more furious, eventually resorting to violence against the Christians. Cyril gained an opportunity to restore Alexandria's pre-eminence over both Antioch and Constantinople when an Antiochine priest who was in Constantinople at Nestorius' behest began to preach against calling Mary the "Mother of God" (Theotokos). This page was last edited on 23 November 2020, at 18:18. Following his death, the Holy Synod of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch was convened to elect a successor. On August 3, 1701 he arrived in Marseille, France and from 1702 to 1710 he studied in the College of the Propaganda in Rome. St. Cyprian, early Christian theologian and bishop of Carthage who led the Christians of North Africa during a period of persecution from Rome. Christ, according to Nestorius, was the conjunction of the Godhead with his "temple" (which Nestorius was fond of calling his human nature). These monks had resorted to violence 15 years before, during a controversy between Theophilus (Cyril's uncle) and the "Tall Brothers"; the monks assaulted Orestes and accused him of being a pagan. Modern historians think that Orestes had cultivated his relationship with Hypatia to strengthen a bond with the pagan community of Alexandria, as he had done with the Jewish one, in order to better manage the tumultuous political life of the Egyptian capital. [4] The same date has been chosen for the Lutheran calendar. [3] As Cyril was a prominent pro-Westerner, the Orthodox Patriarch Jeremias III of Constantinople, felt his authority was challenged. Cyril is well known for his dispute with Nestorius and his supporter Patriarch John of Antioch whom Cyril excluded from the Council of Ephesus for arriving late. The Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches celebrate his feast day on 9 June and also, together with Pope Athanasius I of Alexandria, on 18 January. [35] Some of his alleged homilies are in dispute as to his authorship.
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